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Los principios del diseño de Don Norman – Rhandus Malpica Quintero
Donald A. Norman es profesor emérito de ciencia cognitiva de la University of California, en San Diego y profesor de Ciencias de la Computación en la Northwestern University, hoy en día trabaja principalmente con la ciencia cognitiva en el dominio de la ingeniería de la usabilidad. También enseña en Stanford University y forma parte del Nielsen Norman Group en compañía de Jakob Nielsen y Bruce Tognazzini (Tog), es una referencia y precursor global de la usabilidad.
A lo largo de los años a desarrollado sus principios del diseño, los cuales ayudan a los especialistas en interfaces y programadores y diseñadores a explicar y mejorar su trabajo. Tienen su origen en la teoría, la experiencia y el sentido común. Cuando se ponen en práctica para evaluar productos o prototipos se les denomina principios de usabilidad o heurísticos.
Los descritos por Don Norman (1998) son:
Visibilidad Cuanto más visibles sean las funciones, más probabilidad hay de que los usuarios las vean y usen.
Retroalimentación Cada acción con el sistema debe tener una clara reacción. Se puede hacer con sonido, de forma táctil, verbal, visualmente o combinadas.
Restricción Es la limitación de la interacción del usuario en un momento determinado. Las limitaciones pueden ser de tres tipos:
Físicas . Ej.: Una clavija que no encaja.Lógicas . Ej.: Si pulso un botón, espero una reacción.Culturales . Ej.: El significado de un color no es igual en todo el mundo.Mapeo Es la relación entre los controles y su efecto.
Consistencia Consiste en diseñar usando operaciones y elementos similares.
Tener siempre en mente estos 5 principio de seguro ayudará a conservar la ruta correcta en relación a la interacción hombre-máquina, mi recomendación es la de imprimirlos y ubicarlos en un área visible para todo el equipo de trabajo, de esta manera se tendrán en consideración en todo momento.
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